Presidential Candidates' Health

Column first published in Village Voices, October 14, 2008

Fit for Office

By

Roland Tolliver

"John F. Kennedy has not, nor has he ever, had … Addison's disease." --Dr. Janet Travell, President Kennedy's Personal Physician

In this, the age of HIPPA laws and medical disclosure issues, Americans want to know about the health status of their elected officials, especially the President. This has now carried over, and with good reason, to the candidates who are running for President of the United States. The health of the candidates for Vice-President also presents intriguing questions, but not to the same extreme. The forthrightness of past nominees has been questionable at best, including several Presidents whose near-incapacitation or inability to lead were masked or hidden by their doctors and personal assistants.

The above example for then Senator Kennedy is one of the most blatant and glaring in regards to Presidential candidates. While JFK is often revered as one of our great Presidents, he most likely would have never been voted in if there had been full disclosure of his health problems. It has been revealed that he was thought to be addicted to painkillers because of chronic back pain. He had full-blown Addison's disease (a condition that affects the adrenal gland and requires cortisone to allow the body to function) since 1947, but that fact was hidden from the public. There were multiple other medical conditions that afflicted Senator Kennedy, but these were hidden from the public in his campaign's desire to project a youthful, energetic candidate to the country. The first televised debate in 1960 only accentuated that persona to the public and allowed JFK to become President.

Kennedy's successor, Lyndon B. Johnson, was initially just as secretive, by minimizing a heart attack in 1955 and downplaying his gall bladder attacks. He did eventually seek counsel from President Eisenhower, who had had multiple medical problems during his two terms in office during the 1950's. He instructed President Johnson to let the American people know about his medical status. LBJ went so far as to reveal his "gall bladder surgery scar" during a press conference.

President Dwight D. Eisenhower not only suffered a heart attack in 1955 during his first term in office, but had severe Crohn's disease, which required surgery in 1956 and had a stroke in 1957, which left him with a slight speech impediment.

It has been well-documented that President Ronald Reagan developed Alzheimer's disease, which many people have determined probably manifested toward the end of his second term. It is also well-known that his successor, President George H. W. Bush, has Grave's disease, which affects the thyroid gland.

Throughout the history of our country, as well as country's around the world, the health of many nations' leaders has come into question at different times. Fidel Castro, Boris Yeltsin, and Kim Yong Il among others have been or were kept out of the public eye when seriously ill in order to "protect" them from those who had suspicions of their ability or inability to lead. While dictatorial countries and communist regimes often operate under a veil of secrecy, our own government has done this over the years when it has come to our own presidents' health concerns.

The questions concerning our current presidential candidates' health continue to be asked by journalists, physician panels, and the electorate. Is John McCain, who will be 72 on Inauguration Day, too old for the presidency? Does his history of hypertension (high blood pressure), high cholesterol, and previous bouts with melanomas lead one to believe that he may not survive even one term in office? Will people take into account that current actuarial tables (while only an indicator and obviously not a prognosticator of actual lifelines) indicate that he will most likely live at least another twelve years? Do voters look at the fact that his mother is still living vibrantly at age 96? Will we stop to consider that he has survived a Vietnamese prison camp and has now led a full life of service to his country? Of course, the job of President of the United States has taken a toll on the last two Presidents. Just look at photos of Presidents Clinton and George W. Bush before and after taking office.

Most people look at the Democratic Presidential nominee, Senator Barack Obama, and imagine that he is the picture of health. He is slim, plays pick-up basketball regularly, and is said to eat relatively healthy food choices with little or no excess fats or junk food. What is often overlooked is his addiction to nicotine and his frequent relapses in regards to the use of tobacco. There have been many people in their forties and fifties who appear healthy, that succumb to the effects of smoking, including heart attacks, cancer of the throat, mouth, and lungs among other types, as well as emphysema and related breathing disorders. His mother died of cancer at the age of 52.

There are many issues on which this presidential campaign will be decided. There are also many questions about a candidate's health that are legitimate. Few journalists will dig very deep into the 1,500 plus pages of medical information that Senator McCain released, just as few will go beyond the one page "I'm normal" news release that came from Senator Obama's campaign headquarters. If there are underlying medical conditions that truly affect one's ability to lead the country and make the critical decisions that are required on a daily basis, then these should be fully disclosed, because it is important when making the choice at the ballot box.

If the non-issue health concerns are blown out of proportion only for the chance to question one's ability to lead, then these need to be critically addressed by qualified individuals in order to substantiate the findings or to discredit them, whichever provides the true answer. We can no longer fall prey to the whims of a candidate's handlers, who in the past insulated the candidate and his medical conditions from the general public, and vote blindly. If it is of no consequence, then vote for the best man and/or woman. If it is, and we don't know until after the fact, then we better be sure that the Vice-President's health is in order.